Sunday, August 26, 2007

Omron Blood Pressure Monitor - Wrist Blood Pressure Monitor

Blood Pressure Monitors

Blood Pressure is measured as a degree of force, in mmHg. You’ll notice that when your doctor tells you your blood pressure, it is expressed as one number over another. These represent the systolic and diastolic measures of pressure. The diastolic pressure corresponds to the pressure when you hear is filling (diastole), and the systolic pressure when you heart is pumping (systole). To measure your blood pressure, a device called a sphygmomanometer is used.
According to the American Heart Association, normal blood pressure is 120/80 mmHg. Repeated readings of 140/90mmHg mean you have high blood pressure. New studies show that to increased health risks begin to occur at blood pressure levels of only 115/75 is linked, although it is not technically considered hypertension. If you have high blood pressure, your doctor may ask you to keep a daily record of your pressure at home to make sure your treatment is working correctly.
Hypertension is thought of as a “silent killer” because symptoms don’t appear until the disease has become very serious. With mild high blood pressure, people often aren’t aware of any problems. Symptoms of high blood pressure like headaches and nosebleeds may not occur until the blood pressure is dangerously high and organ damage has already begun. Several medical problems can arise from complications of hypertension; heart failure, kidney disease and stroke are just a few. Thus, frequent monitoring of your blood pressure can help in detecting the disease early.
Different kinds of blood pressure monitors are available. Most people are familiar with the wide cuff that’s placed on the arm and inflated, or the aneroid type. To take a pressure, the user listens for the heartbeats through a stethoscope. A digital blood pressure monitor has an automatic reading, which is useful for people who have hearing loss or visual impairments. Finger monitors are more costly, typically over $100, but not as accurate as the other types.

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Blood Pressure Cuffs and Supplies
An inflatable cuff is wrapped around your upper arm placed around the upper arm at roughly the same vertical height as the heart. The cuff is inflated manually by repeatedly squeezing a rubber bulb until the large artery is completely occluded which momentarily stopping the blood flow.
Listening with the stethoscope one slowly releases the air in the blood pressure cuff. Next, air in the cuff is released. When blood just starts to pulse in the artery, it makes a "whooshing" or pounding sound. The pressure at which this sound is first heard is called the systolic blood pressure. The pressure at which the last sound is heard is called the diastolic blood pressure. Blood pressure is measured in millimeters of mercury (mm Hg). Normal blood pressure in adults is considered to be 120/80mm Hg, but the reading may vary depending on variety of factors.
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Diabetes

Diabetes
Diabetes is a serious disease that affects over 18 million people in the United States. In diabetes, the body does not produce enough insulin, a hormone, to keep the sugar level in the blood at a normal level about 70 to 120 mg/dL. Some of the symptoms of diabetes are extreme thirst, increased hunger and very frequent urination.
There are two types of diabetes, depending on whether your body produces any insulin at all. People with Type 1 diabetes produce no insulin. Although Type 1 diabetes is usually diagnosed in childhood, it can develop at any time. In Type 2 diabetes, some insulin is produced, but it is not enough to keep the blood sugar under control. Type 2 diabetes is more common in people who are overweight. Treatment and care for both types diabetes is aimed at keeping the blood sugar under 120 mg/dL.
For people with diabetes, managing their blood sugar is an important part of the daily lives. That means staying on a careful diet, getting regular exercise and checking your blood frequently to make sure your sugar level is in the proper range. Testing your urine with chemically treated strips is a quick way to get a general idea of your blood sugar, but it is not very precise. Fingerstick monitors provide fast and accurate readings of your blood sugar. A wide variety of diabetic monitors are available for home use.
Another way to check blood sugar control is by testing for a special kind of blood cell called hemoglobin 1Ac. The levels of this blood cells give information about long-term sugar control Your doctor can order this test when you go for check ups, but many newer home glucose monitors will read the level of HbA1c in your blood, allowing you to have a more accurate measure of blood sugar control over that past 60 to 90 days.
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Complications of Diabetes

Complications of Diabetes
Diabetes can be a very difficult illness to manage, but it’s important to control your diabetes so you can avoid serious health complications. Unfortunately, even with diligent compliance, complications do occur.
Diabetes means you body has trouble keeping the level of glucose, or sugar in your blood in a healthy range. Often, in an uncontrolled diabetic patient, blood sugar can skyrocket to life-threatening levels. But that’s not the only danger: long-term elevation of blood sugar causes damage to every organ and system in your body.
Because you may not notice symptoms of mildly elevated glucose, it’s crucial to maintain a well-controlled diet and monitor your sugar frequently. Know what circumstances can affect your body’s glucose levels. Taking new medications or having an infection can have an impact on the way your body uses insulin.
Diabetes damages your circulation, starving tiny blood vessels called the microcirculation. As a result, blood flow to the extremities, especially the feet and legs is reduced. Blood flow to the nerves is also diminished, resulting in a loss of feeling called neuropathy. Since these problems occur so slowly, patients often don’t notice until they are advanced. Some of the other organs that sustain the most damage are the kidneys and the eyes. Blindness and kidney failure requiring dialysis are frequent complications in diabetes.
As a result of poor circulation and neuropathy, people with diabetes are especially vulnerable to infections. And once they develop, the compromised circulation is far less capable of fighting off infection. For this reason, it is important for people with diabetes to see their primary care doctor regularly and make sure to see specialists like podiatrists, dentist and ophthalmologists at least one a year. Your medical team can also help you find resources for complying with your medication schedule and diet, weight control and emotional support.

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Diabetes Care & Treatment

Diabetes Care & Treatment
Blood sugar control is goal of treatment for all patients with diabetes, regardless of whether they have Type 1 or 2 diabetes. This can be accomplished by injections of insulin, a hormone that controls blood sugar, or medications in pill form. For Type 1 diabetes, the body makes no insulin at all, so insulin must be injected.
Insulin was originally obtained from porcine or bovine sources (pigs and cows) after it was discovered in the 1920’s, but is now available in a synthetic human form. All three types are used today. Pharmaceutical companies prepare different formulations; in fact over 20 varieties are on the market. One of the major differences is how quickly the insulin begins to work, and how long it lasts. There are many combinations of short and long acting insulin, and your doctor will work with you to prescribe a regimen that is best for you.
Glucose pumps can also be used to deliver a regular dose of insulin through a catheter placed under the skin of the abdomen. Diabetes atients with insulin pumps can achieve a more steady level of blood sugar, and do not have to inject themselves several times a day. In the 1950’s the first medications to control high blood sugar, called sulfonylureas were developed. Second generation sulfonylureas are still used today as a mainstay of diabetes. Since then, many different glucose-lowering medications have been developed. These include meglitinides, biguatides, thiazolidinediones and alpha-glucosidase inhibitors. Since each of these medications works at a different place in the metabolism of Glucose, sometimes two or more of these drugs can be combined for better blood sugar control.

Diabetes Supply

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Glucose Monitoring
Patients using glucometers to measure their glucose levels regularly improve control and outcome in type 1 diabetes. Some patients are reluctant to use these devices for various reasons; they are useful only if changes in sugar levels produce changes in behavior — chiefly with regard to eating and injecting insulin. And, although the devices are marketed to patients with type 2 diabetes, there is a lack of evidence of effectiveness there, and a certainty that more benefit could be had from that cost if it were spent on diabetes treatment and other assistance.
Diabetes supply, A glucose meter (or glucometer) is a medical device for determining the approximate amount of glucose in a drop of blood obtained by pricking the skin with a lancet. Glucose meters are portable and designed for use by ordinary people, especially those with diabetes.
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Blood Sugar Testing Supplies (Blood Glucose Testing)

Blood Sugar Testing Supplies (Blood Glucose Testing)
For the past 20 years, people with diabetes have had a powerful tool to help them maintain their health. Home glucose monitors allow frequent, accurate and convenient measurement of blood glucose. For patients, this means fewer visits to the doctor, less emergent problems related to diabetes, and a more steady blood sugar level. Studies show that when blood sugar is consistently maintained near normal levels, there is a lower chance of developing complications from diabetes.
In 1986, a joint effort by the Centers for Disease Control, Federal Drug Administration, National Institute of Health and American Diabetes Association created recommendations on the self-monitoring of glucose at home. The Consensus Conference on Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose proposed at-home blood sugar monitoring to keep a record of blood sugar over time and help with daily control, help recognize dangerously high or low blood sugar levels faster and educate patients on how to manage their blood sugar themselves
Believing that better glucose control would reduce the complications of diabetes encouraged healthcare professionals to develop a way for patients to keep a closer watch on daily glucose levels. The results of Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT), sponsored by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) and reported in 1993 confirmed that closer glucose monitoring had a significant effect on improving health and reducing diabetes-related complications. In fact, the risk reduction with self-monitoring was 76% for eye disease, 50% for kidney disease, and 60% for nerve disease according to the FDA.
Today, home glucose monitors are readily available. Newer technology has made these devices easier to use, more reliable and less painful. The ability to frequently check blood sugar is especially helpful to patients who are considered “brittle” and have a hard time keeping their blood sugar constant.
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